Shape 8. shows the outcomes towards the basic and you can 2nd formant at the end of your vowel before /?/ plus in the product quality Polish and brand new alternatives.
As much as new frequency from F1 of your before vowel is worried, the outcome suggest a diminished F1 throughout the the newest variation off compared to their Simple Gloss relevant voice (NV 594 Hz vs. SP 665 Hz, t=?dos.730, p : t=?2.204, p
The outcome together with showed that this new F3 volume of your own after the vowel is actually rather high from the the latest alternatives when comparing to the high quality Polish variants. SP 2,831 Hz, t=dos.763, p : NV 2,939 Hz compared to. SP dos,810 Hz, t=2.567, p . 325, p are rather some other regarding Fundamental Shine and you can the latest variations; F1 volume diversity is actually reduced in brand new version (/?/: NV ?87 Hz versus. SP ?33 Hz, t=?dos.086, p : NV ?121 Hz vs. ?67 Hz, t=?dos.086, p=.055 (during the amount of mathematical inclination)). Zero significant difference among them variations is actually discovered with the F2 and you can F3 frequency directory of new before vowel. Similarly, the fresh F1, F2 and you can F3 frequency range of your following vowel weren’t significantly different in Fundamental Polish while the the latest variant.
No high distinctions have been found in the lifetime of frication of both the fricative additionally the affricate: while you are Practical Shine /?/ possess the common lifetime of 0 portal link.098 s, an average property value the latest version are 0.101 s. The new fricative area of the affricate was 0.061 s during the Standard Gloss and you will 0.058 s in the new variant.
In all new analyses shown over the influence out of Address Style and you will Stress was extreme merely in some patterns. The outcome away from speech build was uniform somewhat that have the analysis out of Maniwa ainsi que al. (2009), which indicated that English fricatives exhibit various other acoustic properties inside the a conversational vs. a clear design. REPETITION try more frequently tall, albeit exclusively, during the formants and you may stage, and a lot more frequently in the affricates than in fricatives; see the consequence of the statistical analyses in the Appendix C.
step three.1. Linear discriminant data
The research demonstrated a lot more than what to high variations in multiple parameters amongst the the new and you may Standard Shine sibilant. The purpose of the next linear discriminant investigation (LDA) it showing and therefore of one’s examined variables are definitely the most useful in discriminating the latest variant in the Simple Shine variation and you may exactly what part of the knowledge will likely be correctly classified by the using this mathematical strategy. I used the LDA which have jacknifed (i.elizabeth., exit one away) forecasts. New LDA was once successfully employed for the discrimination of English fricatives (Jongman mais aussi al. 2000; McMurray and you will Jongman 2011). Based on the data displayed over, we will remain fricatives and affricates within the separate teams.
In the case of the fresh new dictate of REPETITION was somewhat more from the Standard Gloss and you will the new variation (t = ?2
The acoustic variables showed in the (4) were included as predictors regarding LDA whatever the truth that a lot of them were not significant from the linear regression models. The fresh new LDA outputs a single means one to ideal discriminates one another variations from fricatives (Standard Polish compared to. the fresh new variation). As the spectral height and you can COG highly synchronised along (0.79), the previous has also been omitted about model. Overall, 19 predictors installing the fresh LDA, 9 of which did not significantly sign up to the brand new discrimination out of the quality Polish instead of the fresh variation. Hence, the remainder details (10) have been fitting on last design. The new design are extremely extreme (Wilks’ Lambda = 0.5251, ?2 = , df = 10, p in place of their involved the fresh versions.